Logistic GEE models of Plasmodium spp., S. haematobium and co-infection in adults aged 18–86 (n = 338).

Values in the table represent odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals associated with each independent variable controlling for the other variables in the model. Bold font indicates a significant adjusted OR. Models were derived by stepwise elimination of the least significant correlates as identified by Wald test criteria. Original correlates also included bed net use, outdoor night activity, schistosomiasis knowledge, attitudes and practices, regular income, household distance to a stream, S. haematobium infection (in the Plasmodium spp. model), and Plasmodium spp. infection (in the S. haematobium model).Abbreviations: KAP SEP = socio-economic position.†Grand mean centered among adults included in this analysis.*Referent group is adults without Plasmodium spp. infection.‡Referent group is adults without S. haematobium infection.¥Referent group is adults with only Plasmodium spp. infection, with only S. haematobium infection or with no infection.