Means (±SE), quantitative trait differentiation and narrow-sense open-pollinated heritability estimates (h2op ) for each trait.

Differences between sub-races were significant at both sites except for nitrogen at SR (P = 0.055).h2op for each trait was not significantly different between sites (P range 0.195–0.893).All probabilities are based on likelihood ratio tests except the binary browse trait, which was tested using t-tests.Qst quantitative inbreeding coefficient , SE standard error, mean Fst estimate of neutral marker differentiation, CVa coefficient of additive genetic variance, additive genetic variance estimate, SR Salmon River TO Togari.∧ Binary (presence/absence) browse damage data were analysed using a probit link function.*significant at P# or ¥ Qst is significantly greater than maximum Fst estimate published for any microsatellite locus at the P = 0.10 or 0.05 levels, respectively