Data from: Musculoskeletal pain as a marker of health quality. Findings from the epidemiological sleep study among the adult population of São Paulo city

Background: We are witnessing the growth of urban populations,
particularly in the developing world. São Paulo, the largest city in South
America, continues to grow, and this growth is dramatically effecting the
environment and human health. The aim of this study was to estimate the
point prevalence of chronic pain in São Paulo city dwellers and to explore
the influence of aspects related to urbanicity. Methods: A two-stage
cluster randomized sample included 1100 individuals of the city of Sao
Paulo, representing the population proportionally in terms of gender, age
and social classes in 2007. For this observational cross-sectional study,
the household sample was interviewed using validated questionnaires for
sociodemographic aspects, the Beck inventories for anxiety and depression,
the WHOQoL-REF for quality of life, the Chalder Fatigue Scale.
Musculoskeletal pain was defined as diffuse pain or pain located in the
back, joints or limbs. Data regarding sleep complaints and polysomnography
were obtained from the Epidemiologic Sleep Study conducted in São Paulo
city in 2007. Results: The prevalence estimate of chronic musculoskeletal
pain was approximately 27%, with a female/male ratio of approximately
2.6/1. The predictors were being in the age-range of 30–39 years, low
socioeconomic and schooling levels, obesity, sedentarism, fatigue,
non-restorative sleep, daytime sleepiness, poor sleep quality, poor life
quality, anxiety and depression symptoms. Psychological wellbeing was the
main discriminator between responders with chronic musculoskeletal pain
and the controls, followed by depression for the participants with poor
psychological wellbeing, and fatigue, for the remaining ones. Insomnia
syndrome was the third-level discriminator for those with fatigue, whereas
sleep quality for those without fatigue. Conclusions: Musculoskeletal pain
was frequently reported by São Paulo city dwellers and its correlates with
psychological and sleep aspects are suggestive of a response to
urbanicity. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00596713