PREOPERATIVE ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC STUDY OF DOGS AT THE VETERINARY HOSPITAL OF PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO PARANÁ

Abstract Electrocardiogram is considered a substantial instrument in the clinical evaluation of patients with heart disease. This tool can be used to determine the origin and frequency of the impulse as well as the cardiac conduction disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and type of electrocardiographic abnormalities in the immediate preoperative period of 60 dogs seen in the surgery department of the Veterinary Hospital of Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná - PUCPR, campus Toledo, between September 2015 and June 2017, and to analyze its correlation with the different breeds, sex, age, and weight of each patient. Alterations in the preoperative electrocardiogram have been shown to be frequent and their occurrence is independent of age, breed, size, and sex of the animal. The most frequent findings in the present study were the following: respiratory sinus arrhythmia (30%), atrial fibrillation (16,7%), sinus tachycardia (10%), increase in R wave amplitude (10%), and ST segment depression (10%). Therefore, electrocardiography proved to be an auxiliary diagnostic method of great relevance in the dogs' preoperative period, guaranteeing greater anesthesia safety and lower risks of cardiovascular complications.摘要 心电图（Electrocardiogram）被视为心脏病患者临床评估的重要工具，可用于明确心电冲动的起源与频率，同时诊断心脏传导障碍。本研究旨在评估2015年9月至2017年6月间，就诊于巴拉那天主教大学（Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná，PUCPR）托莱多分校兽医院外科的60只犬的术前即刻心电图异常的发生频率与类型，并分析其与受试犬的品种、性别、年龄及体重的相关性。研究结果显示，术前心电图异常较为常见，且其发生与受试动物的年龄、品种、体型及性别均无关联。本研究中最常见的异常表现为：呼吸性窦性心律不齐（respiratory sinus arrhythmia，30%）、心房颤动（atrial fibrillation，16.7%）、窦性心动过速（sinus tachycardia，10%）、R波振幅增高（10%）以及ST段压低（ST segment depression，10%）。综上，心电图检查被证实为犬类术前极具临床价值的辅助诊断手段，可有效提升麻醉安全性，降低心血管并发症的发生风险。