DataSheet1_Combined analysis of the transcriptome and proteome of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (Duzhong) in response to Fusarium oxysporum.docx

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (Duzhong), a valued traditional herbal medicine in China, is rich in antibacterial proteins and is effective against a variety of plant pathogens. Fusarium oxysporum is a pathogenic fungus that infects plant roots, resulting in the death of the plant. In this study, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses were used to explore the molecular mechanism of E. ulmoides counteracts F. oxysporum infection. Transcriptomic analysis at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after inoculation identified 17, 591, 1,205, and 625 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while proteomics identified were 66, 138, 148, 234 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Meanwhile, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the DEGs and DEPs showed that they were mainly associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER), fructose and mannose metabolism, protein processing in the ER, type II diabetes mellitus, the ribosome, antigen processing and presentation, and the phagosome. In addition, proteome and transcriptome association analysis and RT-qPCR showed that the response of E. ulmoides to F. oxysporum was likely related to the unfolded protein response (UPR) of the ER pathway. In conclusion, our study provided a theoretical basis for the control of F. oxysporum.

欧榉（Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.，又名杜仲），作为中国珍贵的传统药材，富含抗菌蛋白，对多种植物病原体具有显著抑制作用。尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）是一种感染植物根系的致病真菌，导致植物死亡。在本研究中，我们通过转录组学和蛋白质组学分析，揭示了欧榉抵抗尖孢镰刀菌感染的作用机制。接种后24、48、72和96小时分别进行转录组学分析，共鉴定出17、591、1,205和625个差异表达基因（DEGs），而蛋白质组学分析则鉴定出66、138、148和234个差异表达蛋白（DEPs）。同时，差异表达基因和差异表达蛋白的GO和KEGG富集分析表明，它们主要与内质网（ER）、果糖和甘露糖代谢、内质网中的蛋白质加工、2型糖尿病、核糖体、抗原处理与呈递以及吞噬体等相关。此外，蛋白质组与转录组关联分析以及实时定量PCR（RT-qPCR）结果表明，欧榉对尖孢镰刀菌的反应可能与内质网途径中的未折叠蛋白反应（UPR）有关。总之，本研究为控制尖孢镰刀菌提供了理论依据。