Pharmacogenetics and drug metabolism - from rudiments to current for individualised medicine

Background: A developing branch of study that focuses on the genetic investigation of the pharmacogenes responsible for drug metabolism is known as pharmacogenetics.

Objective: This review, focused on how drug metabolism and new pharmacogenetic testing interact.

Methods: A search of existing literature specifically concerned with the use of knowledge gained from the study of gene variations in selected drug metabolising enzymes to direct the use of drugs and associated therapies was carried out. This was with the view of further research in this rapidly developing subject that will help us move away from the "one size fits all" approach to prescribing and improve our knowledge of the factors that influence individual differences in drug disposition and, ultimately, the efficacy or toxicity of medication responses.

Results: Along with improved therapeutic efficacy and public health, potential advantages would include the achievement of better customized prescribing, better patient outcomes in study populations, and more.

Conclusion: This is done to usher in the new era of medical genetics, also known as genetic medicine, which encompasses fields like personalized medicine, gene therapy, and the rapidly developing medical specialty known as predictive medicine.