Characteristics by early life parental death in 26,820 older Chinese men and women in recruitment phases 1, 2 and 3 of The Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (2003–8).

†health enhancing physical activity, i.e. vigorous activity at least 3 days a week achieving at least 1500 MET minutes per week or activity on 7 days of the week achieving at least 3000 MET minutes per week.‡Manual occupations are agricultural worker, factory work or sales and service; non-manual are administrator/manager, professional/technical, military/disciplined.