US Crime Data

**Overview**
This data package contains the number of crimes reported by law enforcement agencies in the year 2015.

**Description**
Crime in the United States has been recorded since colonization. Crime rates have varied over time, with a sharp rise after 1963, reaching a broad peak between the 1970s and early 1990s. Since then, crime has declined significantly in the United States and current crime rates are approximately the same as those of the 1960s.
Violent crime consists of four criminal offenses: murder and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault.
- Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, as defined in the UCR program, is the willful (nonnegligent) killing of one human being by another. This offense excludes deaths caused by negligence, suicide, or accident; justifiable homicides; and attempts to murder or assaults to murder.
- Forcible rape is the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will. Assaults or attempts to commit rape by force or threat of force are also included; however, statutory rape (without force) and other sex offenses are excluded.
- Robbery is the taking or attempting to take anything of value from the car, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear.
- Aggravated assault is an unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purpose of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury. This type of assault is usually accompanied by the use of a weapon or by means likely to produce death or great bodily harm. Attempts are included since an injury does not necessarily have to result when a gun, knife, or other weapon is used, which could and probably would result in a serious personal injury if the crime were successfully completed.
In general, property crimes include four crime categories burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft, and arson.
- Burglary is the unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft.
- Larceny-theft is the unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of a property from the possession or constructive possession of another. It includes crimes such as shoplifting, pocket picking, purse snatching, thefts from motor vehicles, thefts of motor vehicle parts and accessories, and bicycle thefts, in which no use of force, violence, or fraud occurs. This crime category does not include embezzlement, ‘‘con’’ games, forgery, worthless checks, and motor vehicle theft.
- Motor vehicle theft is the theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle. This definition excludes the taking of a motor vehicle for temporary use by those persons having lawful access.
- Arson is any willful or malicious burning or attempt to burn, with or without intent to defraud, a dwelling house, public building, motor vehicle or aircraft, personal property of another, etc. Only fires determined through investigation to have been willfully or maliciously set are classified as arson. Fires of suspicious or unknown origins are excluded.

**Benefits**
- Value to the crime reporting agencies for their record and future evaluation. helping to reduce various crimes in united states such crime reported to police, arrests by regions, uniform crime reporting program, number of violent crimes, number of murder and nonnegligent manslaughter crimes etc.

**License Information**
The use of John Snow Labs datasets is free for personal and research purposes. For commercial use please subscribe to the [Data Library](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/) on John Snow Labs website. The subscription will allow you to use all John Snow Labs datasets and data packages for commercial purposes.

**Included Datasets**
- [Chicago Crimes 2017](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/chicago-crimes-2017)
- This dataset reflects reported incidents of crime (with the exception of murders where data exists for each victim) that occurred in the City of Chicago.
- [Connecticut Pre Trial Inmates Data](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/connecticut-pre-trial-inmates-data)
- This dataset shows the statistical information of Connecticut accused pre-trial in correctional facilities by the Department of Corrections facilities.
- [Connecticut Sentenced Inmates in Correctional Facilities](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/connecticut-sentenced-inmates-in-correctional-facilities)
- This dataset shows individuals being held in Connecticut Department of Correction (DOC) facilities who are sentenced to a period of incarceration.
- [Crime Data for NYC Public Schools](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/crime-data-for-nyc-public-schools)
- This dataset contains the collection and maintenance of crime data for incidents that occur in New York City public schools.
- [Crime in Baltimore 2012 to 2019](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/crime-in-baltimore-2012-to-2019)
- This dataset contains information of crimes in Baltimore from December 2012 to January 2018. All data is geo-coded to the approximate latitude/longitude location of the incident and excludes those records for which an address could not be geo-coded.
- [Detroit 911 Calls for Service](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/detroit-911-calls-for-service)
- This dataset shows all 911 police emergency response and officer-initiated calls for service in the City of Detroit beginning September 20, 2016.
- [Detroit All Crime Incidents](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/detroit-all-crime-incidents)
- This dataset reflects reported criminal offenses that have occurred in the City of Detroit since December 6, 2016. Offense data was extracted from the Detroit Police Department's records management system.
- [Emergency Response Incidents](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/emergency-response-incidents)
- This dataset includes type and address of emergency incident to which OEM (The New York City Office of Emergency Management) responded.
- [Full Time Law Enforcement Employees by State in 2015](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/full-time-law-enforcement-employees-by-state-in-2015)
- This dataset provides the total number of law enforcement employees, the number of male officers, the number of female officers, the number of male civilian employees, and the number of female civilian employees listed alphabetically by state.
- [Hartford 911 Calls for Service](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/hartford-911-calls-for-service)
- This dataset shows all 911 police emergency response and officer-initiated calls for service in the City of Hartford beginning May 12, 2021.
- [Hartford Police Incident Reports](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/hartford-police-incident-reports)
- This dataset reflects reported incidents of crime (with the exception of sexual assaults, which are excluded by statute) that occurred in the City of Hartford from 2005 to the present, minus the most recent ten days.
Data is extracted from the City of Hartford Police Department's CrimeView database on a daily basis.
- [NJ Active Inmate Data 2018](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/nj-active-inmate-data-2018)
- This dataset shows the statistical information of the New Jersey state inmate population as of January 1, 2018.
- [Number of Arrests by Age in 2015](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/number-of-arrests-by-age-in-2015)
- This table provides the number of persons arrested nationwide in 2015. These data are broken down by age of the arrestee and include the percent distribution of arrests by offense type. These data represent the number of persons arrested; however, some persons may be arrested more than once during a year. Therefore, the statistics in this table could, in some cases, represent multiple arrests of the same person.
- [Number of Arrests by State in 2015](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/number-of-arrests-by-state-in-2015)
- This dataset provides arrest data reported for each state for 2015. The table provides both total arrests and arrests of juveniles (persons under the age of 18). These data represent the number of persons arrested; however, some persons may be arrested more than once during a year. Therefore, the statistics in this table could, in some cases, represent multiple arrests of the same person.
- [Number of Arrests by US Regions 2015](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/number-of-arrests-by-us-regions-2015)
- This dataset shows the estimated rate of violent crime was 372.6 offenses per 100,000 inhabitants, and the property crime rate was 2,487.0 offenses per 100,000 inhabitants. The violent crime rate rose 3.1 percent compared with the 2014 rate, and the property crime rate declined 3.4 percent.
- [Number of Crimes By Population Group 2015](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/number-of-crimes-by-population-group-2015)
- This dataset provides the rate per 100,000 inhabitants and the number of offenses known to law enforcement for violent crimes (murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) and property crimes (burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft) nationally and by city and county groupings for law enforcement agencies submitting 12 months of complete data for 2015.
- [Offenses Known to Law Enforcement by State and City 2015](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/offenses-known-to-law-enforcement-by-state-and-city-2015)
- This dataset contains the information of offenses known to Law Enforcement by State and City 2015. The FBI collects these data through the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program.
- [Offenses Known to Law Enforcement by State and City 2016](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/offenses-known-to-law-enforcement-by-state-and-city-2016)
- This dataset shows the information of offenses known to law enforcement by state and city with population 100,000 and above in the year 2016
- [Offenses by Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Counties 2015](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/offenses-by-metropolitan-and-nonmetropolitan-counties-2015)
- This dataset contains the information of offenses known to Law Enforcement by Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Counties 2015. The data shown in this table do not reflect county totals but are the number of offenses reported by the sheriff's office or county police department.
- [SFPD Incident Report](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/sfpd-incident-report)
- This dataset includes police incident reports filed by officers and by individuals through self-service online reporting for non-emergency cases. Reports included are those for incidents that occurred starting January 1, 2018 onward and have been approved by a supervising officer.
- [Types of Weapon Used and Number of Murder by State 2015](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/types-of-weapon-used-and-number-of-murder-by-state-2015)
- This table provides the types of weapons used in murder offenses. The data are based on the aggregated data from agencies within each state for which supplemental homicide data (i.e., weapon information) were reported to the FBI. The table also includes a breakdown of the types of firearms used in murders (i.e., handguns, rifles, shotguns, or firearms).
- [Types of Weapon Used and Number of Murder by State 2019](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/types-of-weapon-used-and-number-of-murder-by-state-2019)
- This table provides the types of weapons used in murder offenses. The data are based on the aggregated data from agencies within each state for which supplemental homicide data (i.e., weapon information) were reported to the FBI. The table also includes a breakdown of the types of firearms used in murders (i.e., handguns, rifles, shotguns, or firearms).
- [Types of Weapon Used in Aggravated Assault and Robbery by State 2015](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/types-of-weapon-used-in-aggravated-assault-and-robbery-by-state-2015)
- This table provides the types of weapons used in aggravated assault and robbery offenses. The data are based on the aggregated data from agencies within each state for which weapon information was reported to the FBI. The table includes the number of agencies that submitted data by state and the population covered by those agencies. The dataset also includes a breakdown of the types of firearms used in murders (i.e., handguns, rifles, shotguns, or firearms).
- [Types of Weapon Used in Aggravated Assault and Robbery by State 2019](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/types-of-weapon-used-in-aggravated-assault-and-robbery-by-state-2019)
- This table provides the types of weapons used in aggravated assault and robbery offenses. The data are based on the aggregated data from agencies within each state for which weapon information was reported to the FBI. The table includes the number of agencies that submitted data by state and the population covered by those agencies. The dataset also includes a breakdown of the types of firearms used in murders (i.e., handguns, rifles, shotguns, or firearms).
- [US Crime Data 1981-2014](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/us-crime-data-1981-2014)
- This dataset contains the information on crimes which were reported to police from 1981 to 2014. Crime categories are divided into two more categories i.e violent & property crimes. Property crimes include burglaries crimes, larceny-thefts crimes, motor vehicle thefts while violent crimes include murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, legacy rape, robbery and aggravated assault.

**Data Engineering Overview**
**We deliver high-quality data**
- Each dataset goes through 3 levels of quality review
- 2 Manual reviews are done by domain experts
- Then, an automated set of 60+ validations enforces every datum matches metadata & defined constraints
- Data is normalized into one unified type system
- All dates, unites, codes, currencies look the same
- All null values are normalized to the same value
- All dataset and field names are SQL and Hive compliant
- Data and Metadata
- Data is available in both CSV and Apache Parquet format, optimized for high read performance on distributed Hadoop, Spark & MPP clusters
- Metadata is provided in the open Frictionless Data standard, and its every field is normalized & validated
- Data Updates
- Data updates support replace-on-update: outdated foreign keys are deprecated, not deleted

**Our data is curated and enriched by domain experts**

Each dataset is manually curated by our team of doctors, pharmacists, public health & medical billing experts:
- Field names, descriptions, and normalized values are chosen by people who actually understand their meaning
- Healthcare & life science experts add categories, search keywords, descriptions and more to each dataset
- Both manual and automated data enrichment supported for clinical codes, providers, drugs, and geo-locations
- The data is always kept up to date – even when the source requires manual effort to get updates
- Support for data subscribers is provided directly by the domain experts who curated the data sets
- Every data source’s license is manually verified to allow for royalty-free commercial use and redistribution.

**Need Help?**
If you have questions about our products, contact us at [[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail]).

**概览**
本数据包收录了2015年各执法机构上报的犯罪案件数量。

**数据说明**
美国的犯罪记录可追溯至殖民时代。犯罪率随时间波动，1963年后出现显著攀升，并在1970年代至1990年代初达到阶段性峰值。此后美国犯罪率大幅回落，当前犯罪率已大致回到1960年代水平。
暴力犯罪包含四类刑事犯罪：谋杀与非过失杀人罪、强制性强奸罪、抢劫罪、严重攻击罪。
- 美国统一犯罪报告（Uniform Crime Reporting, UCR）计划中定义的谋杀与非过失杀人罪，指行为人蓄意（非过失）杀害他人的行为。该罪名排除因过失、自杀或意外导致的死亡、正当防卫杀人，以及谋杀未遂或故意伤害致人死亡的情形。
- 强制性强奸罪，指违背女性意愿，以暴力手段与其发生性行为的行为。以暴力或暴力威胁实施的强奸未遂或攻击行为亦纳入此范畴；但无暴力成分的法定强奸及其他性犯罪不在此列。
- 抢劫罪，指通过暴力、暴力威胁或恐吓手段，从他人或多人的随身、保管或控制范围内夺取或试图夺取任何有价值物品的行为。
- 严重攻击罪，指一人以造成严重或加重身体伤害为目的，对他人实施的非法攻击。此类攻击通常伴随武器使用，或使用可能导致死亡或重大身体伤害的手段。未遂攻击亦纳入统计，因为当使用枪支、刀具或其他武器时，即便未造成实际伤害，若犯罪得逞则极有可能导致严重人身伤害。
总体而言，财产犯罪包含四类：入室盗窃、盗窃（larceny-theft）、机动车盗窃与纵火罪。
- 入室盗窃罪，指非法进入建筑实施重罪或盗窃行为。
- 盗窃，指非法夺取、携带、转移或骑走他人占有或推定占有的财物。该类别包含入店行窃、扒窃、拎包抢劫、从机动车内盗窃物品、盗窃机动车零部件及配件、自行车盗窃等未使用暴力、威胁或欺诈手段的犯罪行为。本类别不包括贪污、诈骗、伪造、空头支票以及机动车盗窃。
- 机动车盗窃罪，指盗窃或试图盗窃机动车的行为。本定义排除合法使用者临时借用机动车的情形。
- 纵火罪，指故意或恶意焚烧或试图焚烧住宅、公共建筑、机动车或航空器、他人私人财产等，无论是否具有欺诈意图。仅经调查确认系故意或恶意引发的火灾方可归类为纵火，来源不明或存疑的火灾不予纳入。

**数据价值**
本数据集可为执法机构提供记录留存与后续评估的参考依据，助力美国本土各类犯罪的防控工作，涵盖向警方上报的犯罪事件、各区域逮捕情况、统一犯罪报告计划数据、暴力犯罪案件数量、谋杀与非过失杀人罪案件数量等维度。

**授权信息**
约翰·斯诺实验室（John Snow Labs）的数据集可免费用于个人研究与学术研究。商业使用需前往约翰·斯诺实验室官网的[数据库](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/)订阅服务，订阅后可商业使用约翰·斯诺实验室旗下所有数据集与数据包。

**包含数据集**
- [芝加哥2017年犯罪数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/chicago-crimes-2017)
本数据集收录了芝加哥市境内上报的犯罪事件（针对每名受害者的谋杀案件数据除外）。
- [康涅狄格州审前在押人员数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/connecticut-pre-trial-inmates-data)
本数据集展示了康涅狄格州惩教署监管的审前被控人员的统计信息。
- [康涅狄格州惩教署服刑人员数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/connecticut-sentenced-inmates-in-correctional-facilities)
本数据集收录了康涅狄格州惩教署（DOC）监管的已被判处监禁的人员信息。
- [纽约市公立学校犯罪数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/crime-data-for-nyc-public-schools)
本数据集收集并维护了纽约市公立学校内发生的犯罪事件数据。
- [2012-2019年巴尔的摩犯罪情况](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/crime-in-baltimore-2012-to-2019)
本数据集收录了2012年12月至2018年1月巴尔的摩市的犯罪信息。所有数据均标注事件大致的经纬度坐标，无法进行地理编码的记录不予纳入。
- [底特律911勤务呼叫数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/detroit-911-calls-for-service)
本数据集展示了2016年9月20日起底特律市所有911警方应急响应及警员主动发起的勤务呼叫记录。
- [底特律全部犯罪事件数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/detroit-all-crime-incidents)
本数据集收录了2016年12月6日起底特律市境内上报的刑事犯罪案件数据，信息源自底特律警察局的案件管理系统。
- [应急响应事件数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/emergency-response-incidents)
本数据集包含纽约市应急管理办公室（OEM）处置的应急事件的类型与地址信息。
- [2015年各州全职执法人员数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/full-time-law-enforcement-employees-by-state-in-2015)
本数据集按州名首字母排序，提供了各州执法人员总数、男性警员数量、女性警员数量、男性文职雇员数量及女性文职雇员数量。
- [哈特福德911勤务呼叫数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/hartford-911-calls-for-service)
本数据集展示了2021年5月12日起哈特福德市所有911警方应急响应及警员主动发起的勤务呼叫记录。
- [哈特福德警方事件报告](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/hartford-police-incident-reports)
本数据集收录了2005年至今哈特福德市境内上报的犯罪事件（法定排除的性侵犯案件除外），但剔除了最近10天的数据。数据每日从哈特福德市警察局的CrimeView数据库中提取。
- [2018年新泽西州在押人员数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/nj-active-inmate-data-2018)
本数据集展示了截至2018年1月1日新泽西州州立监狱在押人员的统计信息。
- [2015年按年龄分组的逮捕人数数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/number-of-arrests-by-age-in-2015)
本表格提供了2015年全国范围内的被捕人员数量，数据按被捕者年龄分组，并包含按犯罪类型划分的逮捕人数百分比分布。本数据统计的是被捕人员总数，部分人员可能在一年内多次被捕，因此部分统计数据可能包含同一人员的多次逮捕记录。
- [2015年各州逮捕人数数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/number-of-arrests-by-state-in-2015)
本数据集提供了2015年各州上报的逮捕数据，表格包含总逮捕人数及青少年（18岁以下人员）逮捕人数。本数据统计的是被捕人员总数，部分人员可能在一年内多次被捕，因此部分统计数据可能包含同一人员的多次逮捕记录。
- [2015年按美国区域分组的逮捕人数数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/number-of-arrests-by-us-regions-2015)
本数据集显示，当年暴力犯罪率为每10万居民372.6起，财产犯罪率为每10万居民2487.0起。暴力犯罪率较2014年上升3.1%，财产犯罪率下降3.4%。
- [2015年按人口分组的犯罪数量数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/number-of-crimes-by-population-group-2015)
本数据集提供了按全国、城市及县域分组的暴力犯罪（谋杀与非过失杀人、强奸、抢劫、严重攻击）与财产犯罪（入室盗窃、盗窃、机动车盗窃）的每10万居民犯罪率及已知犯罪案件数量，统计范围为2015年提交了12个月完整数据的执法机构。
- [2015年各州及城市已知执法犯罪数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/offenses-known-to-law-enforcement-by-state-and-city-2015)
本数据集收录了2015年各州及城市上报的已知执法犯罪信息，数据由联邦调查局（FBI）通过统一犯罪报告计划收集。
- [2016年各州及城市已知执法犯罪数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/offenses-known-to-law-enforcement-by-state-and-city-2016)
本数据集展示了2016年人口10万及以上的各州及城市上报的已知执法犯罪信息。
- [2015年都会与非都会县域犯罪数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/offenses-by-metropolitan-and-nonmetropolitan-counties-2015)
本数据集收录了2015年都会与非都会县域上报的已知执法犯罪信息。本表格中的数据并非县域总犯罪数，而是各郡警局或县警察局上报的犯罪案件数量。
- [旧金山警察局事件报告](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/sfpd-incident-report)
本数据集包含警员提交及民众通过自助在线系统提交的非紧急事件报告，涵盖2018年1月1日起发生且经主管警官审核通过的事件。
- [2015年各州谋杀案件所用武器类型与数量数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/types-of-weapon-used-and-number-of-murder-by-state-2015)
本表格提供了谋杀案件中使用的武器类型，数据源自各州执法机构上报至联邦调查局的补充杀人案件数据（即武器信息）。表格同时分类统计了谋杀案件中使用的枪支类型，包括手枪、步枪、霰弹枪及其他枪支。
- [2019年各州谋杀案件所用武器类型与数量数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/types-of-weapon-used-and-number-of-murder-by-state-2019)
本表格提供了谋杀案件中使用的武器类型，数据源自各州执法机构上报至联邦调查局的补充杀人案件数据（即武器信息）。表格同时分类统计了谋杀案件中使用的枪支类型，包括手枪、步枪、霰弹枪及其他枪支。
- [2015年各州严重攻击与抢劫案件所用武器类型数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/types-of-weapon-used-in-aggravated-assault-and-robbery-by-state-2015)
本表格提供了严重攻击与抢劫案件中使用的武器类型，数据源自各州执法机构上报至联邦调查局的武器信息。表格统计了各州提交数据的机构数量及这些机构覆盖的人口数量。本数据集同时分类统计了谋杀案件中使用的枪支类型，包括手枪、步枪、霰弹枪及其他枪支。
- [2019年各州严重攻击与抢劫案件所用武器类型数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/types-of-weapon-used-in-aggravated-assault-and-robbery-by-state-2019)
本表格提供了严重攻击与抢劫案件中使用的武器类型，数据源自各州执法机构上报至联邦调查局的武器信息。表格统计了各州提交数据的机构数量及这些机构覆盖的人口数量。本数据集同时分类统计了谋杀案件中使用的枪支类型，包括手枪、步枪、霰弹枪及其他枪支。
- [1981-2014年美国犯罪数据](https://www.johnsnowlabs.com/marketplace/us-crime-data-1981-2014)
本数据集收录了1981年至2014年向警方上报的犯罪信息，犯罪类别分为暴力犯罪与财产犯罪两大类。财产犯罪包含入室盗窃、盗窃、机动车盗窃；暴力犯罪包含谋杀与非过失杀人、传统强奸、抢劫及严重攻击。

**数据工程概览**
**我们提供高质量数据**
- 每份数据集均经过三级质量审核：
1. 由领域专家完成2次人工审核
2. 随后通过60余项自动化验证流程，确保每条数据符合元数据及预设约束条件
- 数据已归一化为统一的类型系统：
- 所有日期、单位、代码、货币格式均保持统一
- 所有空值均归一化为标准格式
- 所有数据集与字段名称均符合SQL及Hive命名规范
- 数据与元数据：
- 数据以CSV及Apache Parquet两种格式提供，针对分布式Hadoop、Spark及大规模并行处理（MPP）集群的高读取性能进行了优化
- 元数据采用开放的Frictionless Data标准，所有字段均经过归一化与验证
- 数据更新：
- 数据更新采用替换更新机制：过时的外键将被弃用而非直接删除

**我们的数据集由领域专家精心整理与增强**
本团队的医学博士、药剂师、公共卫生及医疗计费专家对每份数据集进行人工整理：
- 字段名称、描述及归一化值均由真正理解其含义的专业人员选定
- 医疗健康与生命科学领域专家可为每份数据集添加分类、搜索关键词、描述信息等内容
- 支持针对临床代码、服务提供者、药品及地理位置的手动与自动化数据增强
- 数据始终保持最新状态，即便数据源需要手动获取更新
- 数据订阅者可直接获得整理该数据集的领域专家的技术支持
- 所有数据源的授权协议均经过人工审核，确保可免版税进行商业使用与再分发

**需要协助？**
若您对我们的产品有任何疑问，请发送邮件至[[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail])。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集主要包含2015年美国执法机构报告的犯罪数量，覆盖暴力犯罪（如谋杀、强奸、抢劫和严重伤害）和财产犯罪（如入室盗窃、盗窃、机动车盗窃和纵火）的详细分类。数据经过严格的质量审查和标准化处理，确保高准确性和一致性，适用于犯罪分析和研究用途。