<b>Perceived Effectiveness of Handwritten and Digital Concept Maps among Second-Year MBBS Students: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study</b>

A cross-sectional survey of 213 second-year MBBS students at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital found that handwritten concept maps were perceived as more effective than digital maps across all learning domains. Handwritten maps had significantly higher overall scores (p < 0.001), indicating their continued value in undergraduate medical education alongside improved training for digital tools.