Original data

Calf diarrhea is one of the most common diseases causing significant economic losses in the livestock industry. In this study, a total of 100 diarrheic calves fecal samples were collected from 10 cattle farms in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. 97 E. coli strains and 20 Salmonella strains were detected. In vitro, the combination of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25(MCJ) showed a synergistic inhibitory effect against E. coli and Salmonella. Moreover, the combined treatment also showed Virulence inhibitory activity. In vivo, the combination effectively reduced the incidence of diarrhea in healthy calves in dose-dependence. Our study indicated that the combination of Chinese Herbal Formula (CHF) and Microcin J25(MCJ) effectively combats multidrug-resistant E. coli and Salmonella, improving both prevention and treatment of calf diarrhea by enhancing immunity and restoring gut microbiota balance.