Mexican-American Coronary Artery Disease Study (MACAD)

The MACAD Study, funded by NHLBI, was designed to explore genetic contributions to coronary artery disease and glucose homeostasis traits among Hispanics using a family-based design. The baseline examination of the cohort included the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test from which the two key phenotypes were obtained: insulin sensitivity (M) and metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI). Genome-wide genotyping was obtained under separate funding by NIDDK as a part of the GUARDIAN (Genetics Underlying Diabetes in Hispanics) Consortium. ]]>
MACAD Inclusion: Family: a family was eligible for recruitment if the proband had documented coronary artery disease, at least two adult offspring were available for detailed phenotyping, and spouse or ex-spouse for DNA. If not spouse/ex-spouse available, then at least three offspring were needed. Probands: Age 45-75 with documented coronary artery disease demonstrated by myocardial infarction as evidenced by EKG or hospital record, angioplasty or coronary artery by-pass graft, or angiography. Offspring and spouses of offspring: Age 18-65 and able to give informed consent. MACAD Exclusion/Limited Study: Subjects only had baseline bloods drawn, including for DNA if they had the following situations: myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiac revascularization/angioplasty within 6 months; diabetes mellitus; blood pressure >200/115 mm Hg; symptoms or exam evidence of congestive heart failure or known left ventricular ejection fraction <35%; current pregnancy; significant illness; serum potassium <3.5 or >5.5 mEq/l off medications; serum albumin <2.5 g/dl; serum creatinine >2.0 mg/dl; serum AST or ALT >3x normal; hematocrit <33%; proteinuria >1+ confirmed with 24 hour excretion >500 mg; fasting glucose >125mg/dl or 2-hour post-load (75 g dextrose) glucose >200 mg/dl; ingestion of medications that alter insulin sensitivity or lipids. ]]>
The MACAD Study was established in 1999 by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI). The MACAD Study cohort of 1257 participants (representing 244 Hispanic families) was initially recruited in 1999-2004 from Los Angeles, CA. 876 participants were genotyped and 55 of them were removed during quality control. Only 821 genotyped samples were left for MACAD.]]>