Carbon (δ13C) and hydrogen (δD) isotope composition of leaf wax n-alkanes from sediment core SO130_289KL, northeastern Arabian Sea, reflecting hydroclimate and vegetation changes during the last deglaciation

This dataset contains stable carbon (δ13C) and hydrogen (δD) isotope measurements of long-chain n-alkanes (primarily n-C31) extracted from sediment core SO130_289KL (23°07.34′N, 66°29.84′E; 571 m water depth) from the northeastern Arabian Sea. The samples span the last deglaciation and were analyzed to reconstruct past hydroclimate and vegetation dynamics in the Indus River catchment. Lipid extracts were separated into fractions and analyzed using gas chromatography–isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS). δ13C values provide information on vegetation type (C3 vs. C4 plants), while δD values reflect precipitation isotopic composition after correcting for vegetation effects and global ice volume changes. Analytical precision is ±0.3‰ for δ13C and ±3‰ for δD. This dataset was generated to complement high-resolution marine proxy records generated by mass spectrometry and hyperspectral inaging and to link oceanographic variability with continental climate and monsoon-driven hydrological changes. Depth is presented as centimeters below seafloor (cmbsf) and age as before the year 2000 CE (b2k).