Environment90m - globally standardized environmental variables for spatial freshwater biodiversity science at high spatial resolution

The Environment90m dataset provides 106 variables for each of the 726 million sub-catchments of the Hydrography90m dataset corresponding to single stream segments. Environment90m includes 47 variables related to topography and hydrography, 19 climate variables for the observation period of 1981-2010, as well as projections for 2041-2070 and 2071-2100 under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) 1.26, 3.70 and 5.85. Moreover, Environment90m includes 22 land cover categories, 16 soil variables and two variables related to nitrogen deposition. For land cover, we also provide the annual time-series data from 1992-2020. In addition, Environment90m includes information on aridity and modelled streamflow. The summary statistics of all variables are available in the dataset (mean, min, max, range, sd).
<strong>The data is available at https://hydrography.org/environment90m/</strong>, and to facilitate data download and processing, we also provide dedicated functions within the hydrographr R-package. Moreover, we point to the GeoFRESH online platform, available at https://geofresh.org, which supports easy data retrieval for point locations anywhere in the world. For all calculations, we used the open-source tools GDAL/OGR, GRASS-GIS and AWK, so that custom data can be easily generated using the hydrographr R-package. Environment90m, along with the tools, provides an array of opportunities for research and application in spatial freshwater biodiversity science, specifically biogeographical analyses and conservation in freshwater ecosystems.