Clinicopathological study of cystic and atypical uterine leiomyoma: a rare entity

ABSTRACT A 43-years-old Brazilian woman, Caucasian, premenopausal, was attended with a history of lower abdominal pain, distension, and bleeding. Pelvic and transvaginal ultrasound revealed an enlarged uterus with a large, well-defined, uniformly hyperechoic lesion. The patient underwent total hysterectomy and the specimen was sent for anatomopathological evaluation. The histopathological analyses revealed a leiomyoma with extensive cystic degeneration and atypical characteristics, the immunohistochemical study confirmed the benignity of the case. The finding of atypical leiomyoma with cystic degeneration is rare and should be carefully evaluated to exclude malignant diseases.