Population genetic differentiation and evolutionary history in <em>Liriodendron</em> revealed by stress related single copy genes

Liriodendron, once widespread during the early and middle Miocene, developed a disjunct distribution between East Asia and North America in the late Miocene due to environmental changes and land bridge ruptures. While centers of plant origin are vital for grasping biodiversity, adaptation, and evolution, the specifics of Liriodendron's origin centers and population dynamics remain unclear, prompting this study to shed light on the matter. Single copy orthologue sequences, inherited with low mutation rates, stable across generations, serve as ideal markers for studying population evolution. In this study, three stress related single copy genes (LtDHN2, LtDHN3, and LtTLP11) were cloned and sequenced in 29 Liriodendron populations. The gDNA datasets of LtDHN2, LtDHN3, and LtTLP11 contained 206, 1477, and 75 polymorphic sites, respectively, with most genetic differences between L. chinense and L. tulipifera, moderate individual differences within populations, and the least among populations..., , , # Population genetic differentiation and evolutionary history in *Liriodendron* revealed by stress related single copy genes [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0vt4b8h8n](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0vt4b8h8n) ## Description of the data and file structure **File: The_identified_single_copy_genes_in_Liriodendron.txt:** The amino acid FASTA files of all gene coding sequences for *L. tulipifera* and *L. chinense* were respectively download from the Phytozome ([https://phytozome-next.jgi.doe.gov/](https://phytozome-next.jgi.doe.gov/)) and NCBI ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/datasets/genome/](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/datasets/genome/)) databases. Their single copy orthologue sequences were identified and compared by OrthoFinder v2.5.5. **File: LtDHN2__LtDHN3__and_LtTLP11_genes_sequences_of \_Liriodendron_populations.zip:** Includes 3 FASTA files: LtDHN2, LtDHN3 and LtTLP11 genes sequences were cloned from 29 natural populations of two *Liriodendron* species (23 of L. chinense and 6 o...,