Salmo salar gill transcriptional response to natural ISAV-HPR0 infection

Infectious Salmon Anaemia virus (ISAV) is an orthomyxovirus that causes large economic losses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) aquaculture. All virulent ISAV variants originally emerged from a non-virulent subtype, ISAV-HPR0. We characterise the host transcriptional response to natural ISAV-HPR0 infection, using Atlantic salmon gill tissues collected on three Norwegian smolt farms. The goal of this study was to provide a foundation for understanding how ISAV-HPR0 interacts with its host and understand factors that could influence the risk of transitions to virulent ISAV variants.