Data for: A Comparative Clinical Evaluation of Ultrasound-guided Acupotomy Combined with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Nonspecific Low Back Pain

Dataset Description: This dataset contains the complete clinical research data supporting the findings reported in the manuscript entitled "A Comparative Clinical Evaluation of Ultrasound-guided Acupotomy Combined with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Nonspecific Low Back Pain". The study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and procedural feasibility of ultrasound-guided acupotomy combined with extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) compared with monotherapy approaches for nonspecific low back pain (NLBP). Study Design and Participants:A total of 90 patients with NLBP were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 30 each): (1) acupotomy group, (2) shock wave group (ESWT alone), and (3) combined group (ultrasound-guided acupotomy plus ESWT). Participants were enrolled at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University between January 2025 and November 2025. Inclusion criteria: diagnosis of NLBP per 2016 Chinese Expert Consensus and 2017 American College of Physicians guideline; age 18–60 years; pain duration ≥3 months. Exclusion criteria: specific spinal diseases; severe osteoporosis; severe systemic disease; bleeding tendency; pregnancy or lactation; BMI ≥28 kg/m². Data Collection and Variables:Clinical outcomes were evaluated before treatment and at a 2-month follow-up using three validated instruments: VAS (Visual Analog Scale): 0–10 points, with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity. ODI (Oswestry Disability Index): 0–50 points, with higher scores indicating greater disability. JOA (Japanese Orthopaedic Association) score: 0–29 points, with higher scores indicating better lumbar function. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were also recorded, including sex, age, disease duration, education level, and body mass index (BMI). Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated according to the Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Diagnosis and Efficacy Standard.