Metagenomic DNA was isolated from Urinary catheter and V3 and V4 regions of 16S rDNA was amplified using Illumina MiSeq Sequencing Platform to explore the diversity of biofilms in urinary catheter.
A pair of catheterised or mid-stream urine specimens were collected from study participants 3-40 months apart. DNA was extracted and bacterial 16S rRNA gene V4 hypervariable region sequenced on Illumi
to characterize the urinary microbiome of catheterizing patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) and to evaluate differences based on type of bladder management or frequency of