Exploring inflammatory and Immune Responses in Mouse Lung and Brain Tissue Using RNA Sequencing

Aim and objectives: RNA sequencing is a modern technology to investigate different molecular mechanisms in cells or organs with unprecedented details. To outline organ based molecular mechanisms of inflammation or immunity by the dsRNA regulated genes in vivo, transcriptome screenings of polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)) challenged mouse lung and brain tissues were analyzed.Results: Using an optimized data analysis workflow, we mapped about 44-80 million sequence reads per sample to the mouse genome (GRCm38) and identified 15447 transcripts in treated lung tissue and 14911 transcripts in treated brain tissue. We identified 629 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in lung and 137 DEGs in brain tissue with a few overlapping genes and most of those were ISGs. We revealed that the encoded proteins by those DEGs were critically assigned to cell adhesion, inflammation, defense response to the virus and innate immunity in both brain or lung tissue. The expression patterns of viral dsRNA stimulated genes and consequently, their association with different molecular mechanisms were in an organ-specific manner.Conclusion: Altogether, virus infection causes an alteration of genes expression, inflammatory or immune responses that are organ-specific and higher in lung tissue compared to brainTwelve mRNA profiles of control and Poly(I:C) treated Lung and brain tissue of 8-week old C57BL/6 male mice were generated by RNA sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina Hiseq Xten platform.