Endothelial Pd1 orchestrates cerebrovasculature homeostasis and oligodendrogenesis during brain development

Purpose: To explore further into the mechanisms by which endothelial PD1 controls cerebrovascular development and oligodendrogenesis, we employed RNA-seq to examine genome-wide alterations in endothelial cells from P0 conditional PD1 knockout mice, comparing them with their wild-type littermates. Methods: mRNA was extracted from P0 isolated endothelial cells of Pd1fl/fl and Pd1cKO-Tie2 mice, and the quality and quantity were assessed using the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. Subsequently, the mRNA was converted to cDNA and Libraries were prepared. RNA-sequencing was performed on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform at Annoroad Genomics. Results: Approximately one thousand transcripts showed differential expression between the Pd11fl/fl and Pd1cKO-Tie2 mice brain endothelial cell, with a fold change ≥2 and p value <0.05.Geneontology analysis of the downregulated genes were enriched in terms related to positive regulation of angiogenesis, positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production and positive regulation of inflammatory response. Concomitantly, upregulated genes were enriched in terms related to endothelial cell migration, sequestering of BMP from receptor via BMP binding and regulation of establishment of blood-brain barrier. These results reflected endothelial PD1 plays vital roles in cortex development. Conclusions: Endothelial PD1 RNA-seq would provide a overall understanding how endothelium-derived PD1regulates vessel development and oligodendrogenesis during brain development mRNA profiles of P0 Pd1fl/fl and Pd1cKO-Tie2 mice were generated by deep sequencing, in duplicate, using Illumina HiSeq 2500.