(A) Simulated back-propagating action potentials (, bottom) are composed of a peak (, top) and a tail (, middle). The two vertical dashes above the figure indicate the timing of post-synaptic spikes.
Neuronal firing and neuron-to-neuron synaptic wiring are currently widely described as orchestrated by astrocytes—elaborately ramified glial cells tiling the cortical and hippocampal space into non-ov
An example ℋ P N C ${\mathcal {HPN^{C}}}$ model. A Snoopy file implementing the calcium spatial dynamics using ℋ P N C ${\mathcal {HPN^{C}}}$ notations. (COLHPN 114 kb)
Spontaneous, submembrane local Ca2+ releases (LCRs) generated by the sarcoplasmic reticulum in sinoatrial nodal cells, the cells of the primary cardiac pacemaker, activate inward Na+/Ca2+-exchange c