Optimal Design of Experiments for a Lithium-Ion Cell: Parameters Identification of an Isothermal Single Particle Model with Electrolyte Dynamics

Advanced battery management systems
rely on mathematical models
to guarantee optimal functioning of Lithium-ion batteries. The pseudo-two
dimensional (P2D) model is a very detailed electrochemical model suitable
for simulations. On the other side, its complexity prevents its usage
in control and state estimation. Therefore, the use of simplified
electrochemical models such as the Single Particle Model with electrolyte
dynamics (SPMe) is more appropriate, which exhibits good adherence
to real data when suitably calibrated. This work focuses on a Fisher-based
optimal experimental design for identifying the SPMe parameters assuming
an isothermal setup. The proposed approach relies on an iterative
nonlinear optimization scheme to minimize the covariance parameters
matrix. At first, the parameters are estimated by considering the
SPMe as the real plant. Subsequently, a more realistic scenario is
considered where the isothermal P2D model is used to reproduce a real
battery behavior. Results show the effectiveness of the optimal experimental
design when compared to standard strategies.