Framework for Workplace Violence in Healthcare

The Theoretical Framework for Workplace Violence in Healthcare integrates several models and concepts with extensive research of workplace violence in emergency healthcare into a coherent structure designed to understand violent incidents in healthcare settings and guide interventions.Prominent models and concepts for understanding workplace violence in health that are valuable for the understanding of violence in health are the Global Approach to Violence towards Emergency Nurses (GAVEN) construct and the Haddon Matrix. These have been expanded upon to include the multi-level theoretical model derived from the work of Grol and Wensing. This model has been adapted to suit violence research in emergency healthcare and includes six levels: perpetrator, workers, social environment, physical environment, organisational context, and political and economic context. This has then been further expanded to include the interaction between the perpetrator and all other levels as a discrete category.This framework offers a robust and practical foundation for designing targeted, evidence-based interventions that address the full complexity of workplace violence in emergency healthcare settings.