FORMATION OF MINING TERMS IN UZBEKISTAN AND FRENCH LANGUAGES, SEMANTIC-STRUCTURAL FEATURES AND EQUIVALENCE ISSUES

This article presents a comparative analysis of the formation methods of mining terms in the Uzbek and French languages, their semantic and structural characteristics, as well as the processes of their formation based on synonymy, antonymy, calquing, borrowing, and affixation. The study demonstrates that, unlike ordinary lexical units, terms perform a specific nominative function, are constantly updated in connection with the development of science and technology, and are systematized based on the internal resources of the national language.In addition, the article examines the participation of lexical units belonging to different parts of speech such as nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs in mining terminology, as well as the productivity of terminological combinations consisting of two or more components. The formation of new terms based on metaphor, metonymy, and semantic-syntactic models is also illustrated.Using examples of symbolic, synonymous, and antonymous terms in Uzbek and French, the study analyzes issues of terminological equivalence, structural correspondence, and semantic precision. The article also provides a theoretical justification of the relationship between national and international terms, as well as the advantages and limitations of calquing and direct borrowing.