Discriminant validity.

Recent research seeks to investigate the influence of employees’ understanding of sustainability on sustainable corporate performance, utilizing independent variables such as environmental knowledge, awareness, and concern, along with dependent variables including environmental, financial and social performance. The total sample for this study is 230, collected from current employees of the airline industry in Korea. CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis) and SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) were employed for statistical analysis. The findings reveal that employees’ environmental concern positively influences ecological behavior, which in turn contributes to corporate sustainability performance across environmental, financial, and social dimensions. By contrast, environmental awareness has a negative effect on ecological behavior, and environmental knowledge shows no significant impact. The results offer meaningful insights and contribute to the understanding of corporate sustainability within the airline industry.