NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Jamari National Forest, Brazil Cedro rosa Calcium, Sulfur and d18O Data from 1832-2018 CE

The analysis of climate variability and development of reconstructions based on tree-ring characteristics in tropical forests have been increasing in recent decades. In the Amazon region, ring width and stable isotope long-term chronologies have been used for climatic studies, however little is known about the potentiality of wood traits such as density and chemical concentrations. In this study, we used well-dated rings of Cedrela fissilis Vell. from the drought-prone southern Amazon basin to assess the potential of using inter-annual variations of annually-resolved ring width, wood density, stable Oxygen isotope (d18OTR) measured in tree-ring cellulose and concentration of Sulfur (STR) and Calcium (CaTR) in xylem cells to study climate variability. During wet years, Cedrela fissilis produced wider and denser rings with higher CaTR and lower STR, as well as depleted d18OTR values. During dry years, a wider range of responses was observed in growth, density and STR, while lower CaTR and enriched d18OTR values were found. The annual centennial chronologies (1835-2018) showed good skills to calibrate models for reconstructions of local precipitation, evapotranspiration (P-PET), Amazon-wide rainfall and climate modes related to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies such as El Niño South Oscillation (ENSO), Tropical Northern Atlantic (TNA), and the Western Hemisphere Warm Pool (WHWP) oscillations. CaTR explained 42 % of the total variance of local precipitation (1975-2018), RW explained 30 % of the P-PET variance (1975-2018), while d18OTR explained 60 % and 57 % of the variance of Amazon rainfall (1960-2018) and El Niño 3.4 (1920-2018), respectively. Our results show that a multi-proxy tropical tree-ring approach can be used for high-reliable reconstructions of atmospheric and hydroclimatic variability over Amazon basin at inter-annual and multidecadal time scales.