Linear regression models of the association between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in early pregnancy and cardio-metabolic outcomes in 5–6 year old children (per 10 nmol/L increase of 25-hydroxyvitamin D) with testing for interaction with pre-pregnancy BMI.

99%CI = 99% confidence interval, bpm = beats per minute, DBP = diastolic blood pressure, HOMA2-IR = homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, HDL-C = high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HR = heart rate, LDL-C = low density lipoprotein cholesterol, SBP = systolic blood pressure, TC = total cholesterol, TG = triglyceride, WHtR = waist-to-height ratio
1adjusted for child age and gender (and child height for cardiovascular function outcomes);
2additionally adjusted for maternal education, ethnicity, maternal age, parity, smoking during gestation, duration of breastfeeding, use of vitamin D or A/D drops in infancy and child’s sedentary time
*Significant non-linear relationship presented in Fig 4
† Significant interaction. Associations presented in Fig 3
Linear regression models of the association between maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in early pregnancy and cardio-metabolic outcomes in 5–6 year old children (per 10 nmol/L increase of 25-hydroxyvitamin D) with testing for interaction with pre-pregnancy BMI.