Genetic variants included in gene score for elevated BMI and pleiotropy assessment.

Weights of the individual genetic variants are based on prior genome-wide analyses [34]. Allele frequencies are from the present study. Associations with BMI are linear regression coefficients in units of 1-SD increment in BMI per allele adjusted for age and sex, and meta-analyzed for the four cohorts. To assess the potential pleiotropic role of each genetic variant, we tested the effect of omitting each variant from the gene score by calculating the correspondence between cross-sectional associations and causal effect estimates.LD, linkage disequilibrium; SE, standard error.Genetic variants included in gene score for elevated BMI and pleiotropy assessment.