16S rRNA gene sequencing of feces of neonates with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

To delineate the gut microbiota variations in neonates with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and assess their implications on neonatal development, we conducted a prospective cohort study involving 13 neonates diagnosed with NRDS and 12 preterm infants (PTI) without NRDS. Fecal specimens were collected until to a month post-birth to appraise gut microbiota evolution.