Transcriptomic analysis of Tdap-IPV whole blood immune responses

Control of pertussis depends on primary vaccination of infants in combination with booster vaccination of children, adults, and recently also pregnant women. Tetanus-diptheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) booster vaccines are frequently given in many countries and can be formulated with inactivated poliovirus (Tdap-IPV). Although Tdap-IPV provides clinical protection, both pertussis antibody levels and clinical protection decay shortly after vaccination. This highlights the need for a better understanding of the mechanisms of immunogenicity of aP-containing combination vaccines, which may explain the longevity of the antibody response to vaccination. In order to identify immune signatures that are induced by Tdap-IPV vaccination and which can be associated with humoral responses, we analyzed changes in gene expression. Overall design: RNA sequencing analysis was performed on whole blood collected at baseline (Day 0) and one day (Day 1) post-vaccination from children (11-15 years old, n = 14) who received a dose of Tdap-IPV. These samples are from the Netherlands cohort.