Pathway-guided monitoring of the disease course in bladder cancer with longitudinal urine proteomics

In this work, we introduce a new concept we have developed and tested, named the differential Personal Pathway index (dPPi). This tool extracts and summates comprehensive disease-specific information contained within an individual’s proteome as a holistic way to follow the response to disease and medical care over time. We demonstrate the principle of the dPPi algorithm on proteins found in urine from patients suffering from neoplasia of the bladder.