Arabidopsis thaliana Transcriptome or Gene expression. Arabidopsis thaliana

Aiming to gain a deeper understanding of the RNA-mediated gene silencing defense process in plants, the expression profiling of siRNAs and miRNAs before and after viral infection in both wild type and transgenic anti-Rice Stripe Virus (RSV) rice were examined by small RNA high-throughput sequencing. To our best knowledge, this is the first systematic research of the siRNA and miRNA profiling changes in transgenic antivirus plants using NGS technique. Our data analysis confirms that the newly generated siRNAs, which are derived from the engineered inverted repeat construct of viral origin, is the major contributor of the viral resistance in rice. Further analysis suggests the accuracy of siRNA biogenesis might be harmed when siRNAs machinery is excessively used in the transgenic plants. In addition, the expression levels of many known miRNAs are significantly changed due to infection of RSV on both wild type and transgenic rice plants, indicating potential function for those miRNAs during the plant-virus interacting process.