Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) is still considered as the first favorable therapeutic option for urinary stone disease with acceptable effectivity. However, factors associated with favora
Background : Medical expulsive therapy (MET) using alpha blockers, calcium channel blockers (CCB), phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEI) and spasmolytics have been shown to be effective in clinica
Introduction: Accurate analysis of bladder stone composition is essential for appropriate treatment planning and recurrence prevention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of bla
