Early Learning Outcomes Measure 2016, Age Validation Study - South Africa

Abstract
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In 2015, Innovation Edge commissioned the development of South Africa's first national-level preschool child assessment tool. Finalized in 2016, the primary purpose of the Early Learning Outcomes Measure (ELOM) (www.elom.org.za) is to provide the country with a national instrument to fairly assess children age 50-69 months from all socio-economic and cultural backgrounds. With this tool, we will be able to monitor early learning program outcomes, guide program improvement, and test program effectiveness. This study is conducted to assist Innovation Edge with the 2nd phase in the process for the development of ELOM--Age validation. In this study, ELOM tools was administered to children enrolled in public schools at the commencement of their Grade R year in 2016, in schoolf of all five quintiles in three provinces. The goal of the ELOM age validation process was to construct a sample that was likely to be as representative as possible of children eligible to enter Grade R in January 2016, drawn from across South Africa's socio-economic distribution, and including five major language groups.

The ELOM includes both direct assessment of children's performance as well as an assessment of the child's social and emotional functioning and orientation to tasks. The ELOM Direct Assessment consists of 23 items measuring indicators of the child's early development in five domains:
Gross Motor Development
Fine Motor Coordination and Visual Motor Integration
Emergent Numeracy and Mathematics
Cognition and Executive Functioning
Emergent Literacy and Language

Geographic coverage
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It is envisioned that the ELOM will be applied to children from a range of cultural and socio-economic settings. However, as finances did not permit a national sample, three provinces
were chosen for the study. The sample for this study then aimed to be representative of public school Grade R students in the target language groups who were between the ages of 54-66 months in selected school districts in North West (Setswana speakers only), the Western Cape (English, isiXhosa and Afrikaans speakers) and KwaZulu Natal (isiZulu speakers only).

Analysis unit
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Individuals and institutions

Universe
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Desired target population is Grade R children in South African public schools between the ages of 54-66 months.

Kind of data
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Observation data

Sampling procedure
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A two-stage clustered sample design was employed. In the first stage, and in each district, probability proportional to Grade R population size sampling was used to randomly select schools within each of the five School Quintile bands. Two schools in traditional, more rural areas in each of North West and KwaZulu-Natal were recruited independently of this exercise to explore the influence of more "traditional" approaches to child rearing. In the second stage, learners were selected within Grade R classes using simple random sampling. Minimum of nine children per school were selected per cluster.

Mode of data collection
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Other

摘要
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2015年，创新前沿委托开发南非首个国家级幼儿评估工具。该工具于2016年完成，其主要目的是为南非提供一项全国性的评估工具，以公平地评估来自所有社会经济和文化背景的50至69个月大的儿童。借助该工具，我们能够监测早期学习项目成果，指导项目改进，并测试项目有效性。本研究旨在协助创新前沿在ELOM（早期学习成果衡量）发展的第二阶段——年龄验证过程中。在本研究中，ELOM工具于2016年学校R年级开学时，在三个省份五个等级的学校中向入学的儿童进行施测。ELOM年龄验证过程的目标是构建一个尽可能代表性的样本，该样本可能包括2016年1月符合R年级入学条件的儿童，并从南非的社会经济分布中抽取，包括五大语言群体。

ELOM包括对儿童表现的直接评估以及对儿童的社会情感功能和工作取向的评估。ELOM直接评估包括23个项目，测量儿童在五个领域早期发展的指标：
粗大运动发展
精细运动协调和视觉运动整合
萌芽数学和数学
认知和执行功能
萌芽读写能力和语言

地理覆盖范围
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预期ELOM将应用于来自各种文化和社会经济背景的儿童。然而，由于财务限制，无法进行全国性样本调查，因此选择了三个省份进行研究。本研究的样本旨在代表目标语言群体中，年龄在54至66个月之间的公共学校R年级学生。

分析单位
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个人和机构

总体
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期望的目标总体是年龄在54至66个月之间的南非公立学校R年级儿童。

数据类型
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观察数据

抽样程序
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采用了两阶段分层抽样设计。在第一阶段，在每个地区，使用与R年级人口规模成比例的概率抽样方法随机选择每个五个学校等级带内的学校。在西北省和夸祖鲁纳塔尔省的每个传统、更农村的地区独立招募了两所学校，以探索更“传统”的育儿方式的影响。在第二阶段，使用简单随机抽样在R年级班级中选取学习者。每个集群至少选择九名儿童。

数据收集方式
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其他