In-depth insight into improvement of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification/biofouling control by increasing sludge concentration in membrane reactor: performance, microbial assembly and metagenomic analysis

This study aimed to improve both simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) and membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor (MBR) by applying high sludge concentration. To reveal the enhanced mechanisms of both nitrogen removal and membrane fouling mitigation, the microbial community in R1 R2 and R3 with different sludge concentration was determined.