National prevalence and incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia/lower urinary tract symptoms and validated risk factors pattern

To date, limited research has been conducted within China to elucidate the national prevalence and incidence rates of benign prostatic hyperplasia/lower urinary tract symptoms (BPH/LUTS). Additionally, there is a scarcity of studies that have systematically investigated the reliable risk factor patterns associated with the development of BPH/LUTS among the Chinese population. The study was in both cross-sectional and prospective cohort study design. The participants were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). National prevalence and incidence of BPH/LUTS, average onset age of BPH/LUTS, medication rate of BPH/LUTS, and validated risk factors pattern of BPH/LUTS in the Chinese population were investigated. The overall prevalence and annual incidence of BPH/LUTS were 11.10% and 2.23%. In China, the male population affected by BPH/LUTS typically presented at an average age of 55–65 years. However, the medication rate was merely more than 30%. After conducting univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis in both cross-sectional and prospective cohort study designs, we observed that dyslipidemia was the most stable risk factor of BPH/LUTS occurrence in three adjusted models (OR [95% CI]: 2.41 [1.37–4.25]; 2.05 [1.10–3.81] and 2.40 [1.19–4.84], respectively). This is the first study to delineate the prevalence and incidence of BPH/LUTS in Chinese, at the national level. The study reminded us that it was dyslipidemia rather than other chronic diseases or bad habits that posed a detrimental influence on BPH/LUTS occurrence in Chinese. Our data would facilitate the disease’s early screening and medical policy formulation.