Effect of zoo on the ability of near infrared spectroscopy of feces to discriminate between adult male and female captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca).

aThe discriminant model is labeled after the validating zoo, i.e. if the Atlanta Zoo samples are the validating set, then the calibration set is made up of samples from the remaining zoos.b, cThere are a total of 239 samples. The proportion of calibration to validation samples varies with each validation, i.e. Atlanta (83∶17%), National (90∶10%), San Diego (93∶7%) and Memphis (33∶67%).**Within a group, percentage of correct identifications differ from 50% (P