Insights from Chromosome-Centric Mapping of Disease-Associated Genes: Chromosome 12 Perspective

In
line with the aims of the Chromosome-based Human Proteome Project
and the Biology/Disease-based Human Proteome Project, we have been
studying differentially expressed transcripts and proteins in gliomasthe
most prevalent primary brain tumors. Here, we present a perspective
on important insights from this analysis in terms of their co-expression,
co-regulation/de-regulation, and co-localization on chromosome 12
(Chr. 12). We observe the following: (1) Over-expression of genes
mapping onto amplicon regions of chromosomes may be considered as
a biological validation of mass spectrometry data. (2) Their co-localization
further suggests common determinants of co-expression and co-regulation
of these clusters. (3) Co-localization of “missing”
protein genes of Chr. 12 in close proximity to functionally related
genes may help in predicting their functions. (4) Further, integrating
differentially expressed gene–protein sets and their ontologies
with medical terms associated with clinical phenotypes in a chromosome-centric
manner reveals a network of genes, diseases, and pathwaysa
diseasome network. Thus, chromosomal mapping of disease data sets
can help uncover important regulatory and functional links that may
offer new insights for biomarker development.