A Global Map of Human Impact on Marine Ecosystems, 2008

What happens in the vast stretches of the world's oceans - both wondrous and worrisome - has too often been out of sight, out of mind. The sea represents the last major scientific frontier on planet earth - a place where expeditions continue to discover not only new species, but even new phyla. The role of these species in the ecosystem, where they sit in the tree of life, and how they respond to environmental changes really do constitute mysteries of the deep. Despite technological advances that now allow people to access, exploit or affect nearly all parts of the ocean, we still understand very little of the ocean's biodiversity and how it is changing under our influence. The goal of the research presented here is to estimate and visualize, for the first time, the global impact humans are having on the ocean's ecosystems. Our analysis, published in Science, February 15, 2008 (http://doi.org/10.1126/science.1149345), shows that over 40% of the world's oceans are heavily affected by human activities and few if any areas remain untouched. The top level of this dataset contains the raster data for the modeled impacts map, along with a high resolution jpg version. Sub-levels of this dataset include: raw stressor data, transformed stressor data (raw data is log(x+1) transformed and rescaled by dividing by maximum global value so values range from 0-1), and ecosystem data. All spatial data are projected in WGS 1984 Mollweide.