祁连山流域水文模拟数据集（1980-2020）

该数据集包含了1980年至2020年祁连山流域年度降水（P）、蒸散发（ET）、总径流（R）、和水储量变量（ΔS）数据，空间分辨率为0.1°。该数据集基于CoLM202X陆面模型，模拟时间为1979-2020年，模式的起转过程（spin-up）时间为1979年，模式的大气驱动数据采用ERA5数据集，地表下垫面数据采用中山大学陆气相互作用研究小组开发的地表数据集，其中包括叶面积指数、植被类型、土地利用类型、冠层高度、冰川湖泊分布等。降水数据由降雨和降雪统计得来，蒸散发和总径流为模型输出数据，依据水量平衡公式(ΔS=P-ET-R)来计算水储量变量。蒸散发通过站点尺度的验证（RMSE=0.61mm/day），估算结果较为可靠，可为生态水文相关研究提供一定的数据支撑。This dataset contains annual precipitation (P), evapotranspiration (ET), total runoff (R), and water storage change (ΔS) data for the Qilian Mountain Basin from 1980 to 2020, with a spatial resolution of 0.1°. It is developed based on the CoLM202X land surface model, with a simulation period spanning 1979–2020. The model spin-up process is initialized in 1979. The atmospheric forcing data for the model is sourced from the ERA5 dataset, while the underlying surface dataset is developed by the Land-Atmosphere Interaction Research Group of Sun Yat-sen University, including leaf area index, vegetation type, land use type, canopy height, glacier and lake distribution, and other relevant parameters. Precipitation data is derived from statistical records of rainfall and snowfall. Evapotranspiration and total runoff are model outputs, and the water storage change variable is calculated using the water balance equation ΔS = P – ET – R. Evapotranspiration has been validated at the station scale with a RMSE of 0.61 mm/day, yielding relatively reliable estimation results. This dataset can provide valuable data support for eco-hydrological research.