General Household Survey 2005 - South Africa

Abstract
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The GHS is an annual household survey specifically designed to measure the living circumstances of South African households. The GHS collects data on education, employment, health, housing and household access to services.

Geographic coverage
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The survey is representative at national level and at provincial level.

Analysis unit
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Households and individuals

Universe
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The survey covered all de jure household members (usual residents) of households in the nine provinces of South Africa and residents in workers' hostels. The survey does not cover collective living quarters such as students' hostels, old age homes, hospitals, prisons and military barracks.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The sample is multi-stage stratified using probability proportional to size principles. The first stage is stratification by province, then by type of area within each province. Primary sampling units (PSUs) are then selected proportionally within each stratum (urban or non-urban) in all provinces.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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GHS uses questionnaires as data collection instruments

Data appraisal
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Earlier versions of the GHS datasets 2002 to 2007 include a District Council variable. This is no longer available in the later versions issued by Statistics SA. They caution that although the GHS 2005-2007 sample was designed to report at DC level, estimations are not reliable at this level. The 2008 - 2013 sample was designed to report at provincial and metro level. However, StatsSA did not take the absent population at metro into account when weighting the data and therefore this data is not reliable at Metro level.

The new programs that were introduced for weighting of the general household surveys from 2008 onwards, discard all records with missing values for age, sex or population group (for observations at household level, they are the values for age, sex or population group of the household head). This means that missing values of those variables were imputed. The emphasis was on obtaining reliable imputations rather than a 100% imputation rate, so some persons/households were discarded during the weighting.

GHS（南非家庭住户调查）是一项年度的家庭住户调查，旨在衡量南非住户的居住状况。该调查收集有关教育、就业、健康、住房和家庭服务获取等方面的数据。

地理覆盖范围
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调查在国家级和省级层面具有代表性。

分析单位
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住户和个人

调查范围
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调查覆盖了南非九个省份的所有法定住户成员（常驻居民）以及工人宿舍的居民。该调查不包括如学生宿舍、养老院、医院、监狱和军事营房等集体居住设施。

数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
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样本采用多阶段分层抽样，遵循规模比例原则。第一阶段按省份分层，然后按每个省份内的区域类型分层。随后在所有省份的每个层（城市或非城市）中按比例选择初级抽样单位（PSU）。

数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]

研究工具
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GHS使用问卷作为数据收集工具

数据评估
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GHS数据集的早期版本（2002年至2007年）包括一个区域委员会变量。这一变量在由南非统计局发布的后续版本中不再可用。他们警告说，尽管GHS 2005-2007年的样本设计旨在报告至区域委员会水平，但在此水平上的估计并不可靠。2008-2013年的样本设计旨在报告至省级和都市水平。然而，统计局在加权数据时没有考虑到都市水平上的缺失人口，因此这些数据在都市水平上并不可靠。

自2008年起引入的用于一般家庭住户调查加权的新程序，摒弃了所有缺失年龄、性别或人口群体值（对于家庭层面的观测，它们是户主年龄、性别或人口群体值）的记录。这意味着这些变量的缺失值被估算。重点在于获得可靠的估算，而不是100%的估算率，因此，在加权过程中丢弃了一些个人/住户。