Hydrogen isotope purification performance of porous stainless steel-supported Pd membranes for high-flow fusion fuel cycles

1. Generation and processing of data related to the pressure exponent (n) of the palladium membrane permeator: The hydrogen permeation flux in the data was recorded using a flowmeter located at the product gas outlet. The pressure data on the permeate side of the membrane were obtained from the pressure display on the control screen, while the pressure on the feed side was recorded using a pressure gauge at the back pressure valve. After unit conversion of the recorded hydrogen permeation flux and pressure data, the data were analyzed and fitted using Origin software to obtain the fitting coefficients. Analysis was performed by plotting graphs based on the fitting coefficients, hydrogen permeation flux, and transmembrane pressure difference.2. Generation and processing of data related to the hydrogen permeation coefficient of the palladium membrane permeator: The aforementioned experiments were conducted at four different temperatures. With the transmembrane pressure difference fixed, the temperature and hydrogen permeation flux were selected, and these two sets of data were plotted to determine the relationship between hydrogen permeability and temperature.3. Generation and processing of data related to the effects of temperature and pressure on hydrogen purity of the palladium membrane permeator: Permeation experiments were conducted at four different temperatures and several pressure points. Product gas was collected at the product gas outlet using gas sampling bags. To ensure experimental accuracy, the sampling bags underwent multiple and prolonged product gas displacements to obtain stable-component product gas. The obtained product gas was then analyzed for hydrogen purity using a gas chromatograph. To ensure the accuracy of the hydrogen purity, gas chromatography analysis was performed more than three times to obtain stable hydrogen purity data. Graphs were then plotted and analyzed based on the temperature, pressure, and the obtained hydrogen purity data.4. Processing of deuterium peak areas: The experimental process is largely similar to that described in sections 1 to 3 above, with the difference being that the gas source was doped with deuterium. The product gas was analyzed via gas chromatography to obtain the peak areas of three gases: deuterium, hydrogen, and hydrogen-deuterium. These areas were recorded, and graphs were plotted and analyzed in Origin.5. Generation and processing of data regarding the effect of He/N₂ concentration on the hydrogen purity of the permeator: This process is largely similar to the analysis and testing section in part 3, except that the gas sources were He/H₂ and N₂/H₂ mixtures, and the variable was changed to the concentration of He or N₂. At determined temperatures and pressures, the He/N₂ concentrations were varied, and product gas was collected at the product gas outlet using gas sampling bags. To ensure experimental accuracy, the sampling bags underwent multiple and prolonged product gas displacements to obtain product gas with stable composition. The obtained product gas was then analyzed for hydrogen purity using a gas chromatograph. To ensure the accuracy of the hydrogen purity, gas chromatography analysis was performed more than three times to obtain hydrogen purity data. Finally, graphs were plotted and analyzed in Origin based on the He/N₂ concentrations and hydrogen purity.