Umbrella review data of colour-associated bioactive pigments found in fruit and vegetables, compared to placebo or low intakes, on human health outcomes relevant to public health

This dataset comprises data extracted from 86 publications included in an umbrella review which compared the effect of colour-associated bioactive pigments found in fruit and vegetables (carotenoids, flavonoids, betalains and chlorophyll) on human health outcomes relevant to public health. Meta-analysed data from 83 systematic literature reviews were available for 17 different bioactive pigments spanning all colours of fruit and vegetables except green, with additional data from two randomised controlled trials and one cohort study for chlorophyll. This dataset represents 2,847 original research studies and data from over 37 million participants. There were 449 meta-analysed health outcomes extracted from the 83 systematic literature reviews. Extracted health outcomes were categorised according to pigment, comparator type, broad health outcome, study design, age group, source of pigment, risk of bias, and confidence in the estimated effect. Data extracted were dose, intervention duration, sample size, number of original studies, effect estimate, 95% confidence intervals, I2 statistics, publication bias and p-value. Rigorous analysis, including estimations of a common effect size, stratification of the evidence, study level sensitivity analyses and reporting on heterogeneity and potential biases, may be carried out using these data, to further evaluate the effect of colour-associated bioactive pigments in fruit and vegetables on human health.