We analyze the genetic composition,demographic history and natural selection in Peruvian Natives from Andes and Amazon. Population Genomics of Peruvian Natives Americans

Using genome-wide information of Native Americans from Andes and Amazon we addressed questions about the Andes-Amazon dichotomy, the Andean homogenization and how cultural and socioeconomic interactions revealed by archaeology were accompanied by gene flow, specifically in northern Peru. Moreover, this demographic history allowed for cases of positive natural selection in the high and arid Andes vs. the low Amazon tropical forest: in the Andes, a putative enhancer in HAND2-AS1 (heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 antisense RNA1, a non-coding gene related with cardiovascular function) and rs269868-C/Ser1067 in DUOX2 (dual oxidase 2, related to thyroid function and innate immunity) genes; in the Amazon, the gene encoding for the CD45 protein, essential for antigen recognition by T/B lymphocytes in viral-host interaction