"THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBESITY AND THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM AND ITS MEDICAL SIGNIFICANCE"

Obesity is a chronic condition characterized by excessive body fat, contributing to metabolic and endocrine dysfunction. This review analyzes the interaction between obesity and the endocrine system, focusing on the effects on the thyroid, pancreas, and adrenal glands, as well as hormonal regulators such as insulin, leptin, and cortisol. Findings demonstrate that obesity promotes hormonal imbalances, leading to insulin resistance, leptin resistance, and altered cortisol levels, which further exacerbate weight gain. These endocrine disruptions are linked to disorders including type 2 diabetes, hypothyroidism, and metabolic syndrome. Understanding this bidirectional relationship is essential for early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of obesity-related conditions. Endocrinology-based interventions, combined with lifestyle management, play a critical role in addressing obesity and improving patient outcomes.