Proteomic and metabolomic analysis of COVID-19 nasal swabs

The epithelial barrier's primary role is to protect against entry of
foreign and pathogenic elements. Global and targeted approaches were
applied to nasal swabs from healthy and COVID-19-confirmed cases within 24
hours post-positive-confirmation and at 3 weeks post-infection to observe
changes in proteome and metabolome. We found that the
tryptophan/kynurenine metabolism pathway is a pinch-point regulator of
canonical and non-canonical transcription activation, macrophage release
of cytokines and significant changes in the immune and metabolic status
with increasing severity and disease course.