Characteristics of the study sample.

Comparison of pancreatic cancer cases and controls using crude (unadjusted) odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated with conditional logistic regression to account for matching on age, gender and diabetes. Subgroup analysis of body mass index (BMI) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) at diagnosis were presented by diabetes status. Means (95% CIs), medians (interquartile ranges [IQR]), and counts (%) were calculated based on available data.