From a cells model to a fish trial: Characterization of the immunomodulatory effects of Heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum as a functional ingredient in aquafeeds for salmonids

RNA-seq analysis showed that HK L-137 was able to modulate the gene expression of pathways related to molecular function, biological process and cellular component in DI, without compromising fish performance and gut microbiota. Considering these data, our study has shown that HK L-137 can modulate the physiological response of Atlantic salmon, making fish more robust and possibly more able to cope better under stress factors during production. Comparative gene expression profiling analysis of RNA-seq data for distal intestine from Atlantic salmon fed HK L-137