Geopolitics and space access: cost asymmetries and strategic dependence

This dataset contains 6,740 rocket launches from 1960 to 2025, covering sixteen geographical entities including all the major spacefaring nations: US, USSR/Russia, China, India, Europe, and Japan. Cost data was collected from a variety of publicly available sources including government reports, academic papers and public documentation, and standardised to 2024 USD in Low Earth Orbit equivalent.