Compartment-specific small RNA sequencing profile of Hippocampal and Cortical cells from Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy tissue

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) is a chronic neurological disease characterized by recurrent seizures. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying TLE involve defects in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Previously we have shown the differences in cell compartment specific differential expression of coding transcripts in mTLE hippocampal and cortical samples compared to post-mortem controls (Vangoor et al., MedRxiv. 2021). On the same set of patient samples containing subcellular RNA from resected hippocampal (HC) and neo-cortical (Cx) tissue from mTLE no hippocampal sclerosis (non-HS) and mTLE HS International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Type 1 or mTLE+HS patients and postmortem control tissue, we applied small RNA sequencing (smRNA-seq). SmRNA-seq was analyzed for investigating the expression profiles of small non-coding RNA species as microRNAs and transferRNA fragments in human mTLE and control hippocampal tissue. Overall design: In our recent study we established a protocol to isolate pure nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions from human tissue (Vangoor et al., MedRxiv. 2021). Small RNA sequencing (smRNA-seq) was performed on the same set of samples using illumina platform on five HC mTLE non-HS and five HC postmortem controls. Similarly, neo-cortical (Cx) tissue samples from six mTLE non-HS and six mTLE+HS samples and six Cx postmortem controls. From the data obtained, small non-coding RNA differential expression analysis was performed to identify mTLE specific changes among subcellular compartments.